Technology laying tile
Often the rates for laying of 1 square meter. tiles can approach the cost of square meter of tiles. Tips and secrets to tell, as having minimal construction skills enough quality to put the tiles, so that our work looked decent and the cost of not frightening.
Sooner or later, many of us, going to the toilet or a bathroom with a depressing view look at the lime and rust on the sink, which is already nothing can wash, the old leaking shower that it is high time to change and faded tiles, which in some places cracked andI fell off. At such moments, we begin to think about buying a new sink, toilet, bath, etc. But after the change of plumbing accordingly we are thinking about changing the appearance of the premises, namely, the complete replacement of tiles.Prices for modern plumbing is quite high, and saving often than not, as this can lead to more serious financial costs of the restoration of flooded downstream apartments. Therefore, significant savings without depressing effects of the deletion from the list is the item of work on laying the tile.
Preparing the surface before laying tiles
In fact, it is not too difficult. To start getting rid of the old plumbing, then take up a hammer and chisel and begin to beat the old flooring. And of course, precautions must be taken: wear gloves on his hands, so as not to cut yourself on the sharp edges, and the eye - glasses which protect from dust and small pieces of tile flying off. Once the tiles repulsed, you must remove the same chisel remnants of the old adhesive.
First of all, examine the quality of plaster. If it is mainly composed of a mixture of sand and cement, sometimes already swollen and ready to collapse, it would have to pick up a hammer and chisel and clean the surface to brickwork.
If the surface is strong enough, you begin to measure its geometrical parameters. For this we need plummet. Itself has a fairly simple and consists of a heavy load, which is attached to the cord. With it, we will check the verticality of the walls. To do this, unwinding the cord at the height of the room, and fix it to the wall near the ceiling and see how our wall out of the way. If the deviation is greater than a few millimeters, it is necessary to align the wall with plaster. And in any case do not expect that, and so will descend. Tiles - this is not wallpaper, covered with the angle can not be pulled in any direction. A number of flat paving tiles to the ceiling, can get a gap in the corner of a few centimeters, which is in no way able to close up.
Now you need to take the square and measure the mutual perpendicular walls. The angle is not 90 degrees, so it is necessary to plaster. There is a reasonable explanation for why this is done. If this angle we put the washing machine, it is most likely, nothing bad to happen, except that its one side is directly adjacent to the wall, and the other - to stand at a distance. However, if this angle to put the bathroom, we get a crack through which water will leak permanently.
Then you need to check the wall for all sorts of convexity and concavity. For this we need the water level. The main thing is that its length by no less than one meter. If there are even slight deviations (a few millimeters to the length of one meter) - it is better to align them.
On the floor is the same. There were no irregularities. Just check the level it horizontally. If it will be swamped in any direction, you get a big gap between the wall and floor tiles that will not look very aesthetically pleasing.
Align wall tiling
Technology laying tile, how to lay Thiele. If the walls appeared uneven, then we proceed to their alignment. For this we need the following tools:
- Capacity, which actually will get involved structure. This may be the usual plastic bucket;
- Drill with a mixer for mixing the composition;
- Water level control works;
- In the case of a mixture of sand and cement, we need a trowel and float;
- In the case of special construction mixtures need to stock up on a couple of spatulas. One large (about 1 m) for the proper application of the composition of the wall, and other support small to contain the composition of a large spatula. It is enough length of 10-20 cm.
Previous methods most suited plastering for leveling of local irregularities. However, if you plaster a large surface, the aid will come guides Lighthouse slats. In profile, they resemble the letter "T". These rails are mounted vertically to the wall and turn original levels that can be set further layer thickness. So do we need a rule. This tool resembles a plastic ruler school only increased many times over. With it will remove excess solution.
Aligning the walls ready to continue the process of plastering using pendulum rods. First we need to choose themselves slats. The length of most standard and is 3 meters, but the height of the profile is different and ranges from an average of 5 to 10 mm. If the wall is not very big differences, it would be enough, and 5 mm in height. But if the bulge is too large (at a distance of 1-1.5 m size of deviations of more than 5 mm), then you need to look for a higher profile.
Now you need to install the rack to the wall. To do this, cut off a couple of sections of wall height and fasten them to the edges of the base walls plastered. This is done with a solution that is applied to each profile in a few places. The distance between the points of application of about half a meter. Profile is pressed against the wall until the holes through the side will come the solution. However, the solution has a great setting time and rake at this time may fall off. It is recommended to use a small MirSovetov cunning. At several points strap is attached to the alabaster, it is plaster. It is easy to find in DIY stores, the price for it is quite affordable. Just do not immediately dilute with water the entire package. This is best done in small portions, as it hardens in just a minute. Controls Vertical slats measure with a plumb or level.
Further, trying to drive along each of the profiles set in the corners, a few nails at different heights and pull a cord on the height of the pendulum rods. After that exhibited by the cords to the wall all the other sections, at a distance of 1-1.5 m from one another. When the solution has hardened, remove the nails with cords, and you can start to plastering. To do this, we apply our solution in small areas along the rail, and then remove the excess corresponding to the size of the rule. Work is performed in the upward direction. This method is good because it does not need to have special skills. The main thing - just to install beacons.
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Alignment of a floor
Leveling the floor After the walls are starting to level the floor. If the surface of the concrete floor, there is a special need for gender mix, or all the same mixture of sand and cement. In the case of the composition of the cement and sand, the process is no different than plastering walls.
However, in the case of the manufacture of so-called self-leveling floors, with a special self-leveling mix technology will have to change. All mixing ratios, the maximum thickness and the drying time can be found in the manufacturer's instructions. If there are hairline cracks on the floor, it is recommended to lay the floor waterproofing. Just to increase the adhesion of leveling compound to the base, it is recommended to treat the foundation primer.
Next on the perimeter of the room is drawn level. For this we need a special water level, which
consists of a thin hose and attached a small flask with notches to measure. All this device is filled with water and allow to stand the same height around the perimeter of the room, using the principle of communicating vessels. This work is best done alone. One person Vyravnievanie mixture causes risk to the wall and brings it to the flask with water. The second person moves to another wall, and by changing the height of the bulb achieves match the water level and corresponding scratches on both flasks. Thus we inflict on multiple marks on each wall. Then connect all the risks using a ruler. According to the obtained lines must be installed on the floor pendulum rail. The installation process is the same as for the walls. Next, fill the space between the beacons prepared compositions. Surplus flatten using rules. To remove bubbles occurring on the surface, you can use a spiked roller. Work is performed in a direction from the back wall to the door.But if you turned out to be a wooden floor, it is already not so simple. Wood often has a slight stiffness, because of what the tiles may crack or peel off from the surface under the weight of
Purchase of materials
Technology laying tile as lay tile After the surface is ready, you can go shopping tiles. But above all, we must learn obmeryat room and common area, you want to lay out.
Next, we go to the store and choose your favorite We tile. Here you need to know that there are two types of tiles for walls and floors. The difference in them is that the floor tiles are considerably stronger and has a roughened surface to avoid slipping thereon. As best buy tile 1 grade, as in the case of buying tile grade 2 or 3 in it are likely to be differences in color and size.
In any case it is better to buy the tile with a small margin, in particular, in case of breakage when cutting. This is due to the fact that a week later, this tile can either disappear from the shelves or in the sale will be a lower grade. Even if none of this happens, the same tile will be available, it may be from another party, and may be slightly different in color from the original purchased.
Besides tiles should immediately acquire all the necessary curbs, decorative tiles with a pattern, etc.
As the glue is better to take dry mixes, which were made especially for laying tiles. They can easily be found at any hardware store or market. It should be borne in mind that the bath is selected adhesive for wet areas, and for laying on the street need to buy glue for exterior use. Just pay attention to the maximum thickness of the layer of plaster, which must always be indicated on the packaging.
If the funds do not allow, you can use the old method of plastering with sand and cement.
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Technology laying tile
First we need to prepare the adhesive composition after the delivery of all this home can be ready to start laying tile. First we need to prepare an adhesive composition. We are doing it this way. The water in small portions Pour the mixture and stir with a mixer attached to a drill. MirSovetov advises not immediately pour a large amount of the mixture, as in the case of a small power drill, mix the solution will be quite problematic. As a result, we obtain a mixture, which should not be too thin as this will lead to its oplyvu from the walls; and at the same time, the mixture should not be too thick, since it is quite difficult to stretch the wall. After the composition is ready to begin the actual installation.
Start with laying tile on the wall. Work is performed in the upward direction, ie, first we lay the first row of the floor, then the next and so on for each wall. In order for us to have received strict neat rows on the floor and put rail is aligned with the standards. The first row of tiles is laid on that rail. To follow the series were laid horizontally in the corners of the walls are nailed uprights, aligned to the plumb line. Once on the second and subsequent rows of tiles in the corner rails hammered a nail, between stretches Nylon thread - for her, and it follows that the series obtained strictly horizontal.
Laying tiles on the wall When installing on a wall with a notched trowel to apply the adhesive on the bottom surface of the tile and are putting it to the ground. Lightly pressing down tile on the wall, it is necessary to ensure that the adhesive composition distributed over its entire surface. Too repetitive and with neighboring tiles, and then insert between the crosses. Recommended joint thickness of 2-4 mm. The gap is far from being a decorative sense. If it does not leave the thermal expansion tiles may crack or peel off from the surface. The quality of each individual laying tiles vertically and horizontally continuously monitor the level.
If the number of integer number of tiles will not fit, then cut off the excess at the corners Tile. Here it is necessary to consider only one thing: not having a lot of experience, it is very difficult to cut the tile width of less than a few centimeters. If, however, it must be done, it is best to use a grinder. If the Bulgarians not, after applying Tile marked slot, gently break off the unwanted edge pliers. Cut tile is best spread in the corners, which can later be covered with all sorts of lockers, showers, etc.
Laying tiles on the floor More on the same principle laid tile on the floor. Areas of work - putting some consistent series in the far corner of the door. For ease of installation as the thread is pulled to the ranks of out parallel to each other, there was no bias. To check the number of tiles lined on the horizontal level of use. If the room is large, usually applied to the floor, and has placed on him level.
The adhesive is applied onto the entire surface of the tiles, and wooden hammer handle trowel or rap as long as it will not be at the level of the stretched cord. If the tile is below, you should add it to tear and a longer her solution.
After laying the tiles must be filled joints fugue with a rubber spatula after laying the tiles and complete drying of the adhesive must be cleaned from a tile adhesive got on it and fill the seams fugue selected color using a rubber spatula. Remains of the fugue should be wiped with a damp cloth. When selecting the fugue is not recommended to buy the cheapest samples, as well as not to use unknown producers, as joints may eventually crack.
This entire scope of work tiling is completed. If you want to bring everything to perfection tiles can be treated with special trains, which in addition to the protective properties of ceramic coating give extra shine.
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